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A research team at karlsruhr Institute of technology in Germany has developed a quantum transistor with only one atom, which can operate at room temperature. This research opens a new chapter in computing power and efficiency. Transistors that control the transmission of electronic signals are the basis of modern electronic products. For more than half a century, the steady reduction of transistor size and energy consumption has been the basic driving force for the growth of computing power.

 

The new transistor turns on or off the circuit by moving a silver atom. Nanowerk, the materials science news, called the transistor the smallest in the world. More importantly, the new transistor is described as a "quantum switch," which means it can carry more complex information than current transistors.

 

The most noteworthy statement of the German research team is that the new transistors can operate at room temperature. At present, most quantum computers can only operate at ultra-low temperature, which increases the operation cost and maintenance difficulty.

 

According to the researchers, their research could have a significant impact on the future of computing technology, especially in terms of energy efficiency. Thomas Schimmel, head of the research team and co director of the center for monatomic electronics and photonics, said the energy consumption of the new transistor was only "one in 10000" of the current silicon technology.

 

Like most studies in the field of quantum computing, it will take several years for this new technology to be applied in practical computers. The use of metals rather than semiconductors in new transistors means that they cannot be easily integrated into traditional computing architectures.